Also known as
  • PPP
  • PPP87
  • PPP_
  • tylerni7
  • PPPwning

Academic team Carnegie Mellon University

Website: https://pwning.net/

Sign in to join the team.



Plaid Parliament of Pwning is a security research group located at Carnegie Mellon University.

Participated in CTF events

Overall rating place: 52 with 380.888 pts in 2024

Country place: 6

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
212EKOPARTY CTF 2024408.00000.412
49Hack The Vote 2024401.00002.857
31SpookyCTF 20248169.000011.418
45Blue Water CTF 2024385.000010.221
11BuckeyeCTF 20244510.000033.553
51PatriotCTF 20245962.000010.991
261CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20241009.00003.518
14CyberSpace CTF 20248414.000014.422
19SekaiCTF 20241855.000013.963
11idekCTF 20243412.000027.450
453Lexington Informatics Tournament CTF 2024592.00005.413
837n00bzCTF 2024200.00000.500
258TFC CTF 2024250.00001.031
278DownUnderCTF 20241644.00009.714
680UIUCTF 2024182.00001.077
71Crypto CTF 2024357.00006.447
103R3CTF/YUANHENGCTF 2024221.00000.504
7Codegate CTF 2024 Preliminary3616.000026.115
120ångstromCTF 2024930.000016.006
581NahamCon CTF 2024856.00001.795
42San Diego CTF 2024832.00005.566
110UMDCTF 20241999.00007.005
63Midnight Sun CTF 2024 Quals423.00003.536
39TAMUctf 20244608.000015.518
8CursedCTF 2024 Quals8001.000010.622
339LINE CTF 2024101.00001.516
38KalmarCTF 2024981.00003.047
378osu!gaming CTF 2024849.00002.355
412LA CTF 20241545.00002.080
14DiceCTF 2024 Quals2998.000032.063
109TetCTF 2024200.00002.207
577KnightCTF 2024100.00000.077
53Mapna CTF 2024527.00002.658

Overall rating place: 37 with 449.527 pts in 2023

Country place: 3

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
26CakeCTF 20231279.00000.000
4CSAW CTF Final Round 20234335.00000.000
19LakeCTF Quals 231455.000011.272
15Srdnlen CTF 20232125.00006.494
42N1CTF 2023337.00008.204
48Hack.lu CTF 2023603.000012.940
28Balsn CTF 2023914.000017.644
179BuckeyeCTF 2023787.00002.876
50vsCTF 20232447.00006.048
29ASIS CTF Quals 2023659.000015.318
753CSAW CTF Qualification Round 2023100.00000.239
51HITCON CTF 2023 Quals520.00009.186
32WACON 2023 Prequal300.00002.582
64DownUnderCTF 20233644.000014.900
43SekaiCTF 20232158.00005.728
129Hacker's Playground 2023382.00004.657
19corCTF 20231959.000010.916
30zer0pts CTF 20231318.000018.177
4Codegate CTF 2023 Preliminary5354.000024.707
172SEETF 2023654.00000.976
400TJCTF 202345.00000.396
137TAMUctf 20231925.00004.845
118ångstromCTF 20231060.000029.053
110cursedCTF 2023936.00001.767
15Hack-A-Sat 4 Qualifiers2034.000025.235
61LINE CTF 2023267.00002.419
22b01lers CTF1954.000011.923
179Pragyan CTF 202310.00000.163
69KalmarCTF 20231038.00001.894
14pbctf 20231262.000014.343
222Incognito 4.01032.00001.755
83LA CTF 20236250.000010.118
50DiceCTF 20231115.00007.995
36bi0sCTF 2022982.00005.516
55idekCTF 2022*3337.00004.190
3Real World CTF 5th4044.000090.150

Overall rating place: 32 with 442.080 pts in 2022

Country place: 2

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
301niteCTF100.00000.477
22X-MAS CTF 20223368.00008.571
11KITCTFCTF 20225265.000013.257
89HITCON CTF 2022407.00006.747
38SunshineCTF 2022701.00004.126
31Square CTF 20221351.000012.166
28SECCON CTF 2022 Quals1577.000038.593
19CSAW CTF Final Round 20222243.00000.000
53BuckeyeCTF 20222358.00006.870
45Hack.lu CTF 2022904.000013.140
136ASIS CTF Quals 2022142.00003.971
88SekaiCTF 20221297.00003.202
56DownUnderCTF 2022 (Online) 3881.00008.082
290CTF/TCTF 20221191.000017.434
18CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20227169.000020.132
22Balsn CTF 20221186.000015.510
15MapleCTF 20223323.000010.103
273MCH2022 CTF150.00000.000
455BDSec CTF 2022100.00000.407
9DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20221567.000054.688
10Hack-A-Sat 3 Qualifiers1701.000022.012
94DCTF 2022600.00002.193
1Decompetition v2.07040.690050.000
43DiceCTF 20221218.00005.319
7Real World CTF 4th1214.000023.114

Overall rating place: 10 with 748.638 pts in 2021

Country place: 3

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
43HITCON CTF 2021543.00009.453
52Dragon CTF 2021437.000013.244
37Balsn CTF 2021316.00003.457
263N1CTF 202168.00000.573
1CSAW CTF Final Round 20215113.000048.800
144Hack.lu CTF 2021121.00002.713
28ASIS CTF Quals 2021856.000027.540
37pbctf 2021887.00004.841
15TastelessCTF 20211409.000015.236
405DownUnderCTF 2021 (Online)1318.00002.022
1CSAW CTF Qualification Round 202110648.00000.000
60ALLES! CTF 2021763.00007.097
2DEF CON CTF 2021825.0000137.690
4Google Capture The Flag 20215885.0000114.513
2Hack-A-Sat 2 Qualifiers2579.00000.000
1DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20213484.0000161.840
186RITSEC CTF 20211535.00000.000
183UTCTF 20214248.00004.299
24zer0pts CTF 20211590.00008.517
54Union CTF 2021710.00003.145
31DiceCTF 20211191.00007.017
182justCTF [*] 2020217.00001.459
8Real World CTF 3rd1459.000021.043
442TetCTF 2021100.00000.321

Overall rating place: 5 with 786.941 pts in 2020

Country place: 2

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
275hxp CTF 202019.00000.563
127X-MAS CTF 20201381.00000.000
62ASIS CTF Finals 2020255.00006.511
4pbctf 20203765.000022.936
34HITCON CTF 20201176.000025.742
30Dragon CTF 20201492.000033.028
16Balsn CTF 20201974.00007.497
1Decompetition6131.150050.000
12CSAW CTF Final Round 20202551.000017.591
4Hack The Vote 20201159.000011.501
183Hack.lu CTF 2020280.00005.175
9SECCON 2020 Online CTF2407.000040.636
23TastelessCTF 2020757.00004.538
7TokyoWesterns CTF 6th 20203643.000085.830
133CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20201055.000014.574
17 CONFidence CTF 2020 Finals794.00006.108
59ALLES! CTF 2020690.00003.792
1Codegate CTF 2020 Finals7763.00000.000
11FwordCTF 202012251.000017.879
3Google Capture The Flag 20205009.000094.614
2DEF CON CTF 2020968.0000143.802
33InCTF 20203461.000010.808
271CyBRICS CTF 2020200.00000.794
3UIUCTF 20204810.000019.917
19rgbCTF 202011602.000013.122
220CTF/TCTF 2020 Quals 2092.000027.216
38redpwnCTF 202010915.000011.994
41NahamCon CTF3925.000013.527
18castorsCTF208501.000016.424
8Pwn2Win CTF 20202545.000041.215
1Hack-A-Sat Qualifiers3967.000050.000
5DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20203361.000058.884
36S㎩mAndFlags Uけimate w呎は屸de C㏊mᒆonship Teaser ꕫꕫ - ㎩㏚i㎄ Edition706.00003.414
103Midnight Sun CTF 2020 Quals530.00005.114
325zer0pts CTF 2020100.00000.276
1Codegate CTF 2020 Preliminary9579.000035.660
91Insomni'hack teaser 2020166.00004.553

Overall rating place: 3 with 1005.588 pts in 2019

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
153TetCTF 20201.00000.000
36hxp 36C3 CTF1279.00008.333
5HITCON CTF 2019 Final8483.960022.308
1Real World CTF 2019 Finals2222.000050.000
178OverTheWire Advent Bonanza 2019301.00000.811
30D^3CTF 2019745.09000.000
30ASIS CTF Finals 2019933.000018.271
2Dragon CTF 20191700.0000121.055
7TastelessCTF 20192630.000016.576
6SECCON 2019 Online CTF6068.000044.022
3HITCON CTF 2019 Quals5731.0000122.436
3Balsn CTF 20196757.000029.473
8PwnThyBytes CTF 20192913.000013.221
1Teaser Dragon CTF 20193727.000072.160
7Real World CTF 2019 Quals1695.000019.069
276CSAW CTF Qualification Round 2019251.00002.118
11Trend Micro CTF 2019 - Raimund Genes Cup - Online Qualifier2302.00005.620
72N1CTF 2019204.00001.052
13TokyoWesterns CTF 5th 20192915.000084.158
1DEF CON CTF 2019973.0000145.000
2WCTF 2019 ONLINE650.00001.265
18Google Capture The Flag 2019 (Quals)2667.000060.537
3Facebook CTF 201921511.000031.295
9RCTF 20194225.000017.216
1DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20193681.0000114.780
27*CTF 20193139.00007.397
56Blaze CTF 2019840.00006.447
64ASIS CTF Quals 2019405.00005.351
4SpamAndFlags Teaser 20191843.000021.487
187ENCRYPT CTF876.00004.806
379VolgaCTF 2019 Qualifier100.00000.904
290CTF/TCTF 2019 Quals1399.000023.325
5BSidesSF 2019 CTF3694.000019.615
8nullcon HackIM 20195080.000017.358
1312NeverLAN CTF 201920.00000.063
28Insomni'hack teaser 2019501.00009.845

Overall rating place: 2 with 990.582 pts in 2018

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
4235C3 CTF573.000015.716
186X-MAS CTF 2018618.00001.258
53hxp CTF 2018441.00006.234
13OverTheWire Advent Bonanza 20183701.000013.544
4Real World CTF 2018 Finals1806.000021.612
107Square CTF 201829140.00007.858
2CSAW CTF Final Round 20185376.000051.080
2CODE BLUE CTF 2018 Finals4269.00000.000
1Google Capture The Flag 2018 (Finals)3350.000050.000
50SECCON 2018 Online CTF1726.000011.112
36BSides Delhi CTF 2018876.00005.699
2HITCON CTF 20186804.0000129.635
93Hack.lu CTF 2018590.00008.808
4Hackover CTF 20184299.000024.055
3Teaser Dragon CTF 20182215.000032.977
376picoCTF 201814010.00000.000
97DefCamp CTF Qualification 2018234.00001.768
11Trend Micro CTF 2018 - Raimund Genes Cup - Online Qualifier3705.000012.711
262noxCTF 2018318.00000.411
373IceCTF 20181135.00005.125
1TokyoWesterns CTF 4th 20185643.0000160.080
2DEF CON CTF 2018914.0000101.223
1Real World CTF 2018 Quals2467.000049.340
1Google Capture The Flag 2018 (Quals)5697.0000132.620
64Security Fest CTF204.00003.030
379RCTF 201852.00000.174
3DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20183909.000090.204
70Blaze CTF 2018840.00003.018
63WPICTF 2018863.00004.866
1UIUCTF 20183902.000044.740
140CTF/TCTF 2018 Quals4000.000029.647
95VolgaCTF 2018 Quals460.00003.745
164NeverLAN CTF 20181710.00003.503
68Xiomara CTF 2018451.00003.828
2SECCON 2017 Final International competition3094.000026.721
114TAMUctf 183009.000011.566
16EvlzCTF975.00007.454
26Insomni'hack teaser 2018481.00008.069

Overall rating place: 3 with 778.036 pts in 2017

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
111 The 318br, DESEC and SucuriHC Capture The Flag (3DSCTF)603.00001.132
9SECCON 2017 Online CTF5300.000028.177
25TUCTF 20172651.000012.432
123RC3 CTF 2017300.00001.276
59hxp CTF 2017470.00003.450
17HCTF 20172572.85006.835
81CODE BLUE CTF 2017269.00001.386
11HITCON CTF 2017 Quals4124.000057.364
96Pwn2Win CTF 2017367.00001.735
69Hack.lu CTF 20171090.000012.182
22Hack Dat Kiwi 20171150.00008.915
10Kaspersky Industrial CTF Quals 20174150.000013.399
11Block CTF 20175625.000026.772
88DefCamp CTF Qualification 2017231.00001.194
234CSAW CTF Qualification Round 2017826.00003.269
445ASIS CTF Finals 201718.00000.259
45Tokyo Westerns CTF 3rd 2017772.000010.217
60HackIT CTF 2017470.00002.386
276SHA2017 CTF200.00001.093
1DEF CON CTF 201733850.0000160.000
35PoliCTF 20171197.00005.976
26SECUINSIDE CTF Quals 2017901.00003.277
64Trend Micro CTF 2017 - Raimund Genes Cup - Online Qualifier701.00003.452
16Google Capture The Flag 2017 (Quals)3431.000014.903
60SHA2017 CTF Teaser round150.00000.000
44UIUCTF 2017850.00005.146
1DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20172699.0000132.400
1Codegate CTF Finals 20171670.000050.000
173SunshineCTF 20171.00000.031
4Teaser CONFidence CTF 20171801.00009.701
20Insomni'hack 201718200.000010.621
100CTF 2017 Quals3632.000029.879
230UCSB iCTF 20177881.51450.249
3Boston Key Party CTF 20174450.000076.809
158BSides San Francisco CTF747.00002.762
4Codegate 2017 prequals3780.000042.475
7SECCON 2016 Final competition 1259.000012.740
14Insomni'hack teaser 20171150.00009.360

Overall rating place: 3 with 1422.257 pts in 2016

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
3633C3 CTF1500.000021.978
119SharifCTF 7651.00004.192
1SECCON 2016 Online CTF6500.000060.000
3HITCON CTF 2016 Final41510.060041.669
4Hack The Vote 20164651.000024.798
11EKOPARTY CTF 20163025.000029.894
52Hack.lu CTF 2016768.000019.590
1HITCON CTF 2016 Quals5900.0000138.760
17TUM CTF 20161713.00009.300
113DefCamp CTF Qualification 2016100.00000.577
1CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20165246.000049.220
38ASIS CTF Finals 2016585.00008.950
1Tokyo Westerns/MMA CTF 2nd 20166840.0000111.240
1DEF CON CTF 2016113555.0000160.000
2SECUINSIDE CTF Quals 20162371.000017.304
2ALICTF 20164250.000020.321
1DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20163457.0000132.400
1Codegate CTF Finals 20163570.00000.000
40Google Capture The Flag 20161815.00009.015
20CTF 2016 Finals11229.700046.545
271Blaze CTF 2016420.00002.890
37Nuit du Hack CTF Quals 20161550.000018.962
105Pwn2Win CTF 2016130.00001.384
4VolgaCTF 2016 Quals4250.000025.976
1BCTF 20165275.000066.660
1Codegate CTF 2016 Quals4537.000081.100
40CTF 2016 Quals58.000039.722
3Boston Key Party CTF 201696.000080.000
11SSCTF 2016 Quals3110.00006.896
190Internetwache CTF 2016930.00002.241
56HackIM 20164300.00002.589
12Insomni'hack teaser 2016950.000013.925

Overall rating place: 1 with 1789.884 pts in 2015

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
632C3 CTF4250.000052.143
3WhiteHat Grand Prix – Final Round 201527600.00006.361
3SECCON 2015 Online CTF6302.000039.900
5HITCON CTF 2015 Final24940.600030.741
19447 Security Society CTF 20154697.000060.000
31Hack Dat Kiwi 20151405.00008.862
39RCTF 2015 Quals1060.00006.491
1CSAW CTF Final Round 20154325.000060.000
1WhiteHat Grand Prix – Qualification Round 20156160.000040.000
545EKOPARTY CTF 20150.00000.000
787EKOPARTY CTF 20150.00000.000
2Hack.lu CTF 20157588.0000104.991
1HITCON CTF 2015 Quals5040.0000100.000
15Hackover CTF 20151398.00001.940
100ASIS CTF Finals 2015250.00002.400
1Defcamp CTF Qualification 20154656.000020.000
24Trend Micro CTF Asia Pacific & Japan 2015 Online Qualifier2905.000010.842
1CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20156860.000080.000
1MMA CTF 1st 20155800.000080.000
2DEF CON CTF 201519896.0000106.461
128PoliCTF 2015550.00003.571
1DEF CON CTF Qualifier 201557.0000180.000
13Teaser CONFidence CTF 20151500.00003.510
72UCSB iCTF 20140.00000.000
2Codegate CTF Finals 20155320.000087.204
40CTF 2015 Quals4560.000024.971
2BCTF 20154394.000054.963
123B-Sides Vancouver 201510.00000.059
1Codegate CTF Preliminary 20158390.0000140.000
1Boston Key Party CTF 20156445.0000120.000
3SECCON CTF 2014 Finals2848.000028.961
1Ghost in the Shellcode 20155451.0000160.000
5Insomni'hack teaser 2015600.000016.000
269Insomni'hack teaser 20150.000016.000
7HackIM 20157600.00009.514

Overall rating place: 2 with 1592.179 pts in 2014

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
631C3 CTF490.000050.424
1Ghost in the Shellcode Teaser 20153.000010.000
1SECCON CTF 2014 Online Qualifications7115.000050.000
19447 Security Society CTF 20145230.000060.000
102CSCAMP CTF Quals 2014510.00000.665
10Hack.lu CTF 20145260.000048.478
96ASIS CTF Finals 2014450.00003.434
99Sharif University CTF 2014870.00004.789
1CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20145960.000080.000
4No cON Name CTF Quals 20142750.000025.000
10HITCON CTF 20143615.000023.661
1DEF CON CTF 201411263.0000160.000
2Pwnium CTF 20143036.000021.794
2SECUINSIDE CTF Quals 20141615.000089.815
7PHD CTF Finals 201423314.000050.753
37DEF CON CTF Qualifier 201417.000033.657
81ASIS CTF Quals 2014300.00001.889
41Nuit du Hack CTF Quals 20141150.000015.579
1Codegate CTF Finals 20146080.0000120.000
5VolgaCTF 2014 Quals4100.000018.386
12backdoorCTF 20142975.000030.089
42RuCTF Quals 20142910.000020.386
3Boston Key Party CTF 20144950.000074.495
1Codegate CTF Preliminary 20145510.0000140.000
4Olympic CTF Sochi 20143840.000058.886
2PHD CTF Quals 201472100.000090.000
1Ghost in the Shellcode 20144451.0000160.000
3Ghost in the Shellcode Teaser 20141.00000.000

Overall rating place: 1 with 1703.091 pts in 2013

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
730C3 CTF3550.000059.208
68UCSB iCTF 20134011.000042.678
1Hack.lu CTF 20134450.0000140.000
1CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20138200.000080.000
1DEF CON CTF 201315002.0000160.000
62EBCTF 2013700.000012.020
1SECUINSIDE CTF Finals 20139783.0000120.000
1DEF CON CTF Qualifier 201375.0000180.000
1Boston Key Party CTF 20134260.000080.000
6EBCTF Teaser 2013500.00007.917
1SECUINSIDE CTF Quals 20137378.0000140.000
2PHD CTF Finals 201327911.000086.422
240PlaidCTF 201320.00000.770
4Codegate CTF Finals 20130.000087.500
1UCSB iCTF 20126.4000140.000
24Nuit du Hack CTF Quals 20131001.000017.676
48RuCTF Quals 2013800.00007.821
4Codegate CTF Preliminary 20136020.000087.774
1Ghost in the Shellcode 20135050.0000160.000
17HackIM 20135700.000013.304

Overall rating place: 2 with 1488.219 pts in 2012

Country place: 1

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
429c3 CTF5600.000068.333
1PHD CTF Quals 20125800.0000120.000
7rwthCTF 20123.370036.655
37PoliCTF 2012546.00005.344
1CSAW CTF Final Round 20125150.000060.000
2Hack.lu CTF 20126755.0000104.938
25CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20127700.000037.835
2DEF CON CTF 20120.0000120.000
1SECUINSIDE CTF Finals 20126530.0000120.000
1SECUINSIDE CTF Quals 20127500.0000140.000
2DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20124800.0000147.959
4PHD CTF Finals 20121045.000045.645
6Codegate CTF Finals 201238.000056.000
17Nuit du Hack CTF Quals 201216300.000039.653
4Codegate CTF Preliminary 20126507.0000105.899
7ForbiddenBITS CTF 20121410.000031.097
3Mozilla CTF 20124585.000088.860
1Ghost in the Shellcode 20124502.0000160.000

Overall rating place: 1 with 536.453 pts in 2011

PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
4UCSB iCTF 2011965.00000.000
57RuCTF 201115.00000.000
1CSAW CTF Final Round 20114300.00000.000
1CSAW CTF Qualification Round 20119500.00000.000
7DEF CON CTF 20110.00000.000
7DEF CON CTF Qualifier 20114200.00000.000
2dCTF 20115100.00000.000
1PHD CTF Finals 20114904.00000.000
PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
1UCSB iCTF 201024000.00000.000
PlaceEventCTF pointsRating points
4UCSB iCTF 20090.00000.000

Organized CTF events

NameWeight
PlaidCTF 2025100.00
PlaidCTF 202495.19
PlaidCTF 2023100.00
PlaidCTF 202293.67
PlaidCTF 202199.64
PlaidCTF 202093.15
PlaidCTF 201995.72
picoCTF 20180
PlaidCTF 201890.83
PlaidCTF 201787.08
picoCTF 20170
PlaidCTF 201687.08
PlaidCTF 201575.00
PlaidCTF 201475.00
PlaidCTF 201380.00
PlaidCTF 201290.00
PlaidCTF 201190.00

Team members

Team writeups

EventTaskAction
Real World CTF 5th0KPR00F [97]read writeup
Google Capture The Flag 2021DAVID AND THE TREE [260]read writeup
Google Capture The Flag 2021Empty LS [288pt]read writeup
Hack-A-Sat 2 QualifiersMr. Radar [304]read writeup
PlaidCTF 2021Plaid Party Planning IV [350]read writeup
PlaidCTF 2021dr [450]read writeup
pbctf 2020cryptohammer [443]read writeup
TokyoWesterns CTF 6th 2020Tamarin [224]read writeup
FwordCTF 2020Numbers [490]read writeup
UIUCTF 2020Accounting Accidents [150]read writeup
PlaidCTF 2020Catalog [500]read writeup
Teaser Dragon CTF 2019CPU Adventure [500]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 Qualsbank [94]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 QualsSlide Puzzle [126]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 Qualscaidanti (Flag 1) [167]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 Qualscaidanti (Flag 2) [320]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 QualsDezhou Instrumentz [378]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 QualsMoP [224]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 QualsfaX senDeR [224]read writeup
Real World CTF 2019 QualsMission Invisible [128]read writeup
Insomni'hack teaser 2019beginner_reverse [53]read writeup
35C3 CTFkrautflare [451]read writeup
UIUCTF 2018small [250]read writeup
Google Capture The Flag 2018 (Quals)wired CSV [220]read writeup
PlaidCTF 2018idIoT: Lights [450]read writeup
PlaidCTF 2018idIoT: Camera [150]read writeup
PlaidCTF 2018idIoT: Action [200]read writeup
PlaidCTF 2018Woofer [450]read writeup
SECCON 2016 Online CTFLost Decryption [200]read writeup
Hack The Vote 2016Trump Likes Colors [250]read writeup
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